Assessing Occupational Health And Safety Standards In Welding Facilities: A Delphi-Ahp Case Study At A Vocational Higher Education Institution In Jakarta
Abstract
Abstract
Evaluating safety in higher vocational education demands context-specific tools, rather than standard industrial checklists. Academic welding workshops pose significant occupational risks. Students are exposed to hazards such as heavy metal fumes, extreme temperatures, and radiation. Often, institutions rely on corporate audit templates, which may not align with the high-turnover, low-experience environment of a polytechnic laboratory. To address this, this study constructed an Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) index specifically for vocational higher education. Integrating a two-stage Delphi panel with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), academics and safety auditors distilled broad regulations into five core pillars. AHP calculations identified Local Exhaust Ventilation (C1) as the highest priority, with a weight of 0.416. The expert judgments were highly consistent (CR = 0.024). Applying this index in a field audit at a Jakarta polytechnic, the facility earned an overall compliance score of 61.03 out of 100. While the workshop scored 85 for enforcing personal protective equipment (PPE), it scored 50 for source ventilation. These results highlight the limitations of partial compliance. Relying on PPE while lacking adequate fume extraction may provide insufficient protection. This framework offers a data-backed guide for institutions to prioritize localized exhaust networks to better protect students' respiratory health.
Keywords:
Welding safety; Vocational education; Delphi method; Analytical Hierarchy Process; Risk assessment..
Abstrak
Evaluasi keselamatan kerja pada perguruan tinggi vokasi membutuhkan instrumen spesifik secara konteks, alih-alih checklist industri standar. Bengkel pengelasan akademik memiliki risiko keselamatan kerja yang signifikan. Mahasiswa sering terpapar berbagai bahaya seperti emisi asap logam berat, suhu ekstrem, dan radiasi. Seringkali, institusi pengelola bergantung pada templat audit perusahaan komersial, yang mungkin tidak selaras dengan lingkungan laboratorium politeknik yang memiliki tingkat pergantian pengguna yang tinggi dengan tingkat pengalaman yang rendah. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, penelitian ini menyusun indeks Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) khusus untuk pendidikan tinggi vokasi. Dengan mengintegrasikan panel Delphi dua tahap dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), para akademisi dan auditor keselamatan menyaring berbagai regulasi menjadi lima pilar utama. Perhitungan matriks AHP mengidentifikasi Sistem Ventilasi Lokal (C1) sebagai prioritas tertinggi dengan bobot 0,416. Penilaian dari para pakar tersebut terbukti sangat konsisten (CR = 0,024). Penerapan indeks ini dalam audit lapangan di sebuah politeknik di Jakarta menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas tersebut memperoleh skor kepatuhan keseluruhan sebesar 61,03 dari skala 100. Meskipun bengkel praktik tersebut memperoleh skor 85 untuk penegakan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), skor untuk ventilasi penangkap asap di sumbernya hanya mencapai 50. Hasil penelitian ini menyoroti keterbatasan dari kepatuhan keselamatan yang bersifat parsial. Bergantung pada penyediaan APD sembari kekurangan infrastruktur ekstraksi asap yang memadai dapat memberikan perlindungan yang tidak mencukupi. Kerangka kerja ini menawarkan panduan berbasis data bagi institusi untuk memprioritaskan pengadaan jaringan exhaust lokal guna melindungi kesehatan pernapasan mahasiswa dengan lebih efektif.
Kata Kunci:
Keselamatan pengelasan, Pendidikan vokasi tinggi, Metode Delphi, Analytical Hierarchy Process, Penilaian fasilitas.
Keywords
Full Text:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.38038/vocatech.v8i2.342
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Vocatech : Vocational and Technology Journal
Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat & Penjaminan Mutu
Akademi Komunitas Negeri Aceh Barat
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Vocatech: Vocational Education and Technology Journal Published by:
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